New Regulations Target E-Cigarette and Heated Tobacco Use in Vietnam
Vietnam has introduced strict regulations to combat the growing use of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products. According to a new government decree, individuals caught using these products will face fines ranging from VND3 million to VND5 million (approximately US$114–190). They will also be required to destroy the products they possess.
The regulation, known as Decree No. 371, comes into effect on December 31. It also imposes penalties on individuals who allow the use of e-cigarettes or heated tobacco products on their premises. These individuals could be fined between VND5 million and VND10 million. For organizations found in violation, the fines will be doubled.
Definition and Scope of the Ban
The decree defines e-cigarettes as devices that include an electronic unit, a container for e-liquid, and the liquid itself. Heated tobacco products are described as those that consist of an electronic device and specially processed tobacco.
This regulatory framework is part of a broader initiative by Vietnam’s National Assembly to ban the production, trading, importation, storage, transportation, and use of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products starting in 2025. The goal is to protect public health, especially among vulnerable populations like children and adolescents.
Health Risks and Public Awareness
Health Minister Dao Hong Lan emphasized that the ban was implemented due to the significant health risks associated with these products. National Assembly deputies have also recognized the need to strengthen prohibitions and control illegal trade activities related to e-cigarettes and heated tobacco.
E-cigarettes and heated tobacco products operate by heating liquids containing nicotine or flavorings dissolved in propylene glycol or glycerine. At least 60 chemical compounds have been identified in e-cigarette liquids, along with numerous toxic substances present in the aerosol or smoke produced.
The Ministry of Health has stated that these products are highly addictive due to their nicotine content and can lead to serious illnesses, including cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, acute lung injury, and mental health disorders.
Global Context and Local Trends
Vietnam is the sixth country in Southeast Asia and one of 43 countries worldwide to implement a ban on e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products. This move aligns with global efforts to curb the rising use of these products, particularly among young people.
In Vietnam, the use of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products has increased rapidly, especially among children and adolescents. From 2015 to 2020, the prevalence of e-cigarette use among adults aged 15 and above rose from 0.2% to 3.6%. Among students aged 13–17, usage increased from 2.6% in 2019 to 8.1% in 2023.
A preliminary survey conducted in 11 provinces and cities found that 4.3% of girls aged 11–18 used e-cigarettes in 2023. The Health Ministry has warned that this trend poses serious risks to young people.
Impact and Consequences
In 2023 alone, 1,224 people in Vietnam were hospitalized due to poisoning or illnesses linked to e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products. This highlights the urgent need for effective measures to address the growing public health concern.
The new regulations aim to not only penalize the use of these products but also raise awareness about their harmful effects. By enforcing the ban and educating the public, especially younger generations, Vietnam hopes to reduce the prevalence of e-cigarette and heated tobacco use and protect its citizens’ health.
Conclusion
With the implementation of Decree No. 371, Vietnam is taking a decisive step toward safeguarding public health. The combination of strict penalties, clear definitions, and public education initiatives reflects the government’s commitment to addressing the challenges posed by e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products. As the ban takes effect in 2025, the focus will remain on reducing the harm caused by these products and ensuring a healthier future for all.
